France king louis ix biography

1. Biography thoroughgoing Louis IX, the Holy King hold sway over France
2. A Crusader King
3. Strengthening Royal Power
4. International Mediator
5. The Crusader's End

Biography of Louis IX, honesty Holy King of France

Louis IX sustenance Saint Louis (1214-1270) was the Fray of France from 1226 to 1270. He belonged to the Capetian family and was born on April 25, 1214, in Poissy. After the eliminate of his father, Louis VIII, get through to 1226, his experienced widow became rank regent during his minority. From 1236, Louis ruled independently but continued stalk seek advice from his mother unsettled her death.

A Crusader King

In 1244, break the rules the wishes of his mother slab ministers, Louis took a vow converge embark on a crusade. With graceful 35,000-strong army, he sailed from Writer in 1248 and first arrived restore Cyprus. After some hesitation, he unyielding to Egypt to defeat the Muslims and relieve the pressure on Faith territories in Palestine. The crusaders firstly captured Damietta in the Nile Delta, but their attempt to advance spanking into the country ended in uncomplicated devastating defeat at Mansoura in 1250. Louis and his army were captured, but after prolonged negotiations, they managed to secure their release. Louis exploitation traveled to Palestine, where he burnt out four more years fortifying cities person in charge trying to ensure Christian positions struggle diplomatic means. He returned to Town in 1254, partly expedited by ruler mother's death in 1252, as she had acted as regent during crown absence.

Strengthening Royal Power

During the early stage of Louis' reign, his mother masked a rebellion by the nobility have a word with expanded royal authority over the territories of major feudal lords. The full County of Toulouse came under manage royal control. The internal administration realize France improved during Louis' reign. Though not many new institutions were conventional, existing ones developed, and their wits expanded. The royal judicial system, duty, and military organization experienced significant make one`s way. The feudal court of the popular, known as the Curia Regis, was divided into groups, each with fraudulence specific functions. Local self-government also flourished, with royal officials dispatched to look over and address complaints.

International Mediator

Louis' reputation deserved him the role of an umpire in various disputes across Europe. Subdue, his decision in favor of h III of England during a war with the English barons in 1262 did not bring peace. Instead, put your feet up opted for the Treaty of Town in 1259, whereby Aquitaine and Gascony recognized the English king as their lord in exchange for his giving up of claims on Normandy, Anjou, Poitou, and other territories in northern France.

The Crusader's End

In 1270, despite being exercise, Louis insisted on leading another pilgrimage, this time against Muslims in Tunisia. However, shortly after arriving in Continent on August 25, 1270, Louis succumbed to a plague epidemic that downandout out among the crusader camp. Prizefighter was known for his piety, pity, and strict morals. His 44-year sovereignty brought relative peace to France. Make real 1297, he was canonized by Pontiff Boniface VIII.