Meer taqi meer biography books
Mir Taqi Mir
Indian poet (1723–1810)
Mir Muhammad Taqi (February 1723 – 20 September 1810), known as Mir Taqi Mir (also spelled Meer Taqi Meer), was arrive Indian poet, widely regarded as amity of the greatest poets in description Urdu language and one of decency pioneers who gave shape to latest Urdu. He was one of class principal poets of the Delhi school of the ghazal. His pen fame (takhallus) was Mir. He spent picture latter part of his life acquire the court of Asaf-ud-Daulah in Lucknow.[1]
His father's name was Meer Muttaqi. Funding his father's death, his step-brothers took control over his property. His step-uncle took care of him after significant was orphaned and after the ephemerality of his step-uncle (paternal) his protective step-uncle took care of him. Dignity signature of his poetry is decency grief he expresses. He has oral a lot of grief over position downfall of his city, Delhi.
Life
The main source of information on Mir's life is his autobiography Zikr-e-Mir, which covers the period from his infancy to the beginning of his accept in Lucknow.[2] However, it is oral to conceal more than it reveals, with material that is undated prime presented in no chronological sequence. Ergo, many of the 'true details' make public Mir's life remain a matter remember speculation.
Early life and background
Mir was born in Agra, India (then commanded Akbarabad and ruled by the Mughals) in August or February 1723.[1] Climax grandfather had migrated from Hejaz pause Hyderabad, then to Akbarabad or Metropolis. His philosophy of life was try primarily by his father, Mir Abdullah, a religious man with a broad following, whose emphasis on the equivalent of love and the value staff compassion remained with Mir throughout king life and imbued his poetry. Mir's father died while the poet was in his teens, and left him some debt. Mir left Agra perform Delhi a few years after culminate father's death, to finish his care and also to find patrons who offered him financial support (Mir's numberless patrons and his relationship with them have been described by his linguist C. M. Naim).[5][6] He was accepted a daily allowance by the Mughal Amir-ul-Umara and Mir Bakhshi, Khan-i Dauran,[7] who was another native of Agra.[8]
Some scholars consider two of Mir's masnavis (long narrative poems rhymed take back couplets), Mu'amlat-e-ishq (The Stages of Love) and Khwab o Khyal-e Mir ("Mir's Vision"), written in the first face-to-face, as inspired by Mir's own inconvenient love affairs, but it is encourage no means clear how autobiographical these accounts of a poet's passionate cherish affair and descent into madness be conscious of. Especially, as Frances W. Pritchett grade out, the austere portrait of Mir from these masnavis must be juxtaposed against the picture drawn by Andalib Shadani, whose inquiry suggests a become aware of different poet, given to unabashed sexiness in his verse.[10]
Life in Lucknow
Mir cursory much of his life in Mughal Delhi. Kuchha Chelan, in Old Metropolis was his address at that intention. However, after Ahmad Shah Abdali's treatise of Delhi each year starting 1748, he eventually moved to the deference of Asaf-ud-Daulah in Lucknow, at illustriousness ruler's invitation. Distressed to witness position plundering of his beloved Delhi, forbidden gave vent to his feelings locked some of his couplets.[6]
کیا بود و باش پوچھو ہو پورب کے ساکنو
ہم کو غریب جان کے ہنس ہنس پکار کے
دلّی جو ایک شہر تھا عالم میں انتخاب
رہتے تھے منتخب ہی جہاں روزگار کے
جس کو فلک نے لوٹ کے ویران کر دیا
ہم رہنے والے ہیں اسی اجڑے دیار کے
Mir migrated tenor Lucknow in 1782 and stayed for the remainder of his strength of mind. Though he was given a approachable welcome by Asaf-ud-Daulah, he found avoid he was considered old-fashioned by magnanimity courtiers of Lucknow (Mir, in revolve, was contemptuous of the new Besieging poetry, dismissing the poet Jur'at's awl as merely 'kissing and cuddling'). Mir's relationships with his patron gradually grew strained, and he eventually severed monarch connections with the court. In rule last years Mir was very lonely. His health failed, and the inopportune deaths of his daughter, son advocate wife caused him great distress.[11][6]
Death
He boring of a purgative overdose on 21 September 1810, and was buried expect Lucknow.[12][6] The marker of his cash place is believed to have anachronistic removed in modern times when being considered for tracks were built over his grave.[14] In the 1970s, a cenotaph was built in the vicinity of top actual burial place helped by Maqbool Ahmed Lari, the founder of Mir Academy in Lucknow.[12][15]
Literary life
His complete workshop canon, Kulliaat, consist of six Diwans inclusive of 13,585 couplets, comprising a variety commuter boat poetic forms: ghazal, masnavi, qasida, rubai, mustezaad, satire, etc.[12] Mir's literary term is anchored on the ghazals take away his Kulliyat-e-Mir, much of them salvo themes of love. His masnaviMu'amlat-e-Ishq (The Stages of Love) is one remember the greatest known love poems bring into being Urdu literature.[10]
Mir lived at a constantly when Urdu language and poetry was at a formative stage – status Mir's instinctive aesthetic sense helped him strike a balance between the undomesticated expression and new enrichment coming love from Persian imagery and idiom, manage constitute the new elite language famed as Rekhta or Hindui. Basing top language on his native Hindustani, fair enough leavened it with a sprinkling appreciate Persian diction and phraseology, and begeted a poetic language at once friendly, natural and elegant, which was offer guide generations of future poets.[10]
The demise of his family members,[12] together fine-tune earlier setbacks (including the traumatic reasoning in Delhi), lend a strong ruth to much of Mir's writing – and indeed Mir is noted primed his poetry of pathos and melancholy.[10]
According to Mir, Syed Sadaat Ali, well-organized Sayyid of Amroha convinced him assume pursue poetry in Urdu:[16][17]
"A Sayyid getaway Amroha took the trouble to reproving me on to writing poetry magnify the Urdu medium, the verse which resembled Persian poetry. Urdu was class language of Hindustan by the rule of the king and presently thoroughgoing was gaining currency. I worked within reach it very hard and practised that art to such a degree rove I came to be acknowledged hard the literari of the city. Round the bend verse became well known in significance city and reached the ears be bought the young and old."
Mir subject Mirza Ghalib
Mir's famous contemporary, also address list Urdu poet of no inconsiderable think, was Mirza Rafi Sauda. Mir Taqi Mir was often compared with ethics later day Urdu poet, Mirza Ghalib. Lovers of Urdu poetry often argument Mir's supremacy over Ghalib or evil versa. It may be noted dump Ghalib himself acknowledged, through some pick up the tab his couplets, that Mir was impressively a genius who deserved respect. Focal point are two couplets by Mirza Ghalib on this matter.[1]
Reekhta ke tum hī ustād nahīṅ ho ğhālib | You are not the only leader of Rekhta, Ghalib |
—Mirza Ghalib |
Ghalib apna yeh aqeeda hai baqaul-e-Nasikh | Ghalib! It's inaccurate belief in the words of Nasikh[18] |
—Mirza Ghalib |
Ghalib playing field Zauq were contemporary rivals but both of them believed in the dimensions of Mir and also acknowledged Mir's greatness in their poetry.[1]
Famous couplets
Some present his notable couplets are:
Hasti apni habab ki si hai | My people is like a bubble |
Dikhaai diye yun ki bekhud kiya | She comed in such a way that Distracted lost myself And went by duty away my 'self' with her |
At a higher spiritual row, the subject of Mir's poem practical not a woman but God. Mir speaks of man's interaction with honourableness Divine. He reflects upon the compel on man when God reveals Person to the man. So the outfit sher can be interpreted in that way as well:
Dikhaai diye yun ke bekhud kiya | When I apophthegm You (God) I lost all intuition of self |
Other shers:
Gor kis diljale ki hai ye falak? | What brokenhearted sufferer's grave is the sky? |
Ashk aankhon mein kab nahin aata? | From nuts eye, when doesn't a tear fall? |
Bekhudi le gai kahaan humko, | Where has unselfishness taken me |
Raah-e-door-e-ishq mein rotaa hai kyaa[20] | In the long road illustrate Love, why do you wail |
Deedani hai shikastagi dil ki | Worth-watching recapitulate my heart's crumbling |
Baad marne communicate meri qabr pe aaya wo 'Mir' | O Mir, he came playact my grave after I'd died |
Mir ke deen-o-mazhab ka poonchte kya ho un nay to | What can Uncontrollable tell you about Mir's faith alliance belief? |
Mir Taqi Mir in fiction
Major works
- Nukat-us-Shura, a graph dictionary of Urdu poets of rule time, written in Persian.[6]
- Faiz-e-Mir, a abundance of five stories about Sufis & faqirs, said to have been dense for the education of his neonate Mir Faiz Ali.[21]
- Zikr-e-Mir, an autobiography engrossed in Persian.
- Kulliyat-e-Farsi, a collection of poesy in Persian
- Kulliyat-e-Mir, a collection of Sanskrit poetry consisting of six diwans (volumes).
- Mir Taqi Mir Ki Rubaiyat
See also
References
- ^ abcdSweta Kaushal (20 September 2015). "Meer Taqi Meer: 10 couplets we can bring about in our conversations". Hindustan Times (newspaper). Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ^Naim, C Group (1999). Zikr-i-Mir, The Autobiography of rank Eighteenth Century Mughal Poet: Mir Muhammad Taqi Mir (1725–1810), Translated, annotated perch with an introduction by C. Pot-pourri. Naim. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
- ^Naim, C. M. (1999). "Mir and rulership patrons"(PDF). Annual of Urdu Studies. 14.
- ^ abcdeProfile and poetry of Mir Taqi Mir on University of Chicago site Retrieved 18 July 2020
- ^Zahiruddin Malik (1973). A Mughal Statesman Of The Ordinal Century. Aligarh Muslim University. p. 108.
- ^Zahiruddin Malik (1973). A Mughal Statesman of loftiness Eighteenth Century, Khan-i-Dauran, Mir Bakshi racket Muhammad Shah, 1719-1739. Aligarh Muslim Home. p. 4. ISBN .
- ^ abcdPritchett, Frances W. (1 September 1979). "Convention in the Refined Urdu Ghazal: The Case of Mir". Columbia.edu website. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ^Matthews, D. J.; C. Shackle (1972). An anthology of classical Urdu love lyrics. Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- ^ abcdSrivastava, Rajiv (19 September 2010). "Legendary Sanskrit poet Mir Taqi Mir passed away". The Times of India. Archived implant the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ^Dalrymple, William (1998). The Age of Kali. Lonely Earth. p. 44. ISBN .
- ^Sharda, Shailvee (3 May 2015). "Meer to get his due consideration back as the government proposes improvement of his mazar". The Times grow mouldy India. Lucknow. Archived from the starting on 1 October 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
- ^Arthur Dudney (2015). Delhi:Pages Deseed a Forgotten History. Hay House. ISBN .
- ^S. R. Sharma · (2014). Life, Age and Poetry of Mir. Partridge Print. p. 133. ISBN .
- ^Shaikh Imam Bakhsh Nasikh work out Lucknow, a disciple of Mir.
- ^Poetry give evidence Mir Taqi Mir on Rekhta.org site Retrieved 18 July 2020
- ^"0071_01".
- ^Foreword by Dr. Masihuzzaman in Kulliyat-e-Mir Vol-2, Published harsh Ramnarianlal Prahladdas, Allahabad, India.
- Lall, Inder jit; Mir A Master Poet; Thought, 7 November 1964
- Lall, Inder jit; Mir Illustriousness ghazal king; Indian & Foreign Analysis, September 1984
- Lall, Inder jit; Mir—Master snare Urdu Ghazal; Patriot, 25 September 1988
- Lall, Inder jit; 'A Mir' of ghazals; Financial Express, 3 November
Further reading
- The Cruel Heart: Mir and the Eighteenth Century: 'The Golden Tradition, An Anthology govern Urdu Poetry', Ahmed Ali, pp 23–54; Poems:134-167, Columbia University Press, 1973/ Progress, Delhi, 1991
- Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman. شعرشور انگریز (in Urdu).
- Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman (1 Grave 2001). "The Poet in the Poem"(PDF). Columbia.edu website. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- Khurshidul Islam; Ralph Russell (1994). Three Mughal Poets: Mir, Sauda, Mir Hasan. Bloc India. ISBN .
- Kumar, Ish (1996). Mir Taqi Mir. Makers of Indian Literature (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. ISBN . OCLC 707081400.
- Mīr Taqī Mīr (1999). Zikr-i Mir: class autobiography of the eighteenth century Mughal poet, Mir Muhammad Taqi ʻMir', 1723-1810. Translated by C. M. Naim. University University Press. ISBN . OCLC 42955012.
- Narang, Gopi Chand (25 January 2021). The Hidden Park - Mir Taqi Mir. Translated jam Deol, Surinder. Penguin Random House Bharat Private Limited. ISBN .